Diseases (12)
Diagnostic Testing (11)

Note:

For evaluation of hypercoagulable states if history of recurrent deep vein thromboses.


Note:

R/O other causes of hypercoagulability.


Note:

Rule out CAD due to thrombosis.

Disease Management Testing (1)

Note:

Long term therapy selection and guidance.

Overview

Factor V Leiden is a common hereditary mutation that increases an individual’s risk of venous thromboembolic disease at an early age. Common diseases associated with factor V Leiden mutation include blood clots, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolisms (PE). It is the most common genetic cause of venous thrombosis with > 20% of cases involving the Factor V Leiden mutation. Within the general population, 3 - 7% of Caucasians and 1.2% of African-Americans carry the mutation.

The Factor V Leiden mutation is due to a single base-pair change (point mutation) in the gene for Factor V (sometimes referred to as the F5 gene). Technically, this amounts to a substitution of the nucleic acid adenine (A) for a normal guanine (G) at position 1691, which leads to an amino acid substitution of arginine (R) for a normal glutamine (Q) at position 506 within the protein. The normal function of Factor V is to serve as a cofactor in blood coagulation in conjunction with Factor X. Activated protein C (aPC) normally degrades Factor V to limit clotting. The mutation alters Factor V's protein's structure so that aPC can not degrade Factor V normally so that abnormal clotting is enhanced. Individuals may carry the mutation on one chromosome (heterozygous) or on both chromosomes (homozygous). Heterozygotes have a 7-fold increased risk of developing thrombosis, while individuals who are homozygous for the mutation have up to an 80-fold increased risk. For heterozygous patients using oral contraceptives, the risk of thrombosis increases to 30-fold.

The Factor V Leiden polymorphism should be evaluated in patients for whom testing is undertaken to identify risk factors associated with venothrombotic disease, including activated protein C resistance, and deficiencies of protein S, protein C, and antithrombin. The Factor V Leiden mutation is assessed in the laboratory using technologies that enable identification of the single base pair change. Results are reported as homozygous wild-type (no mutation detected), heterozygous (mutation detected on a single chromosome), and homozygous mutant (mutation detected on both chromosomes). Because this is a genetic test, this test only needs to be performed once in a patient’s lifetime.

Clinical Utility
  • Evaluation of thrombotic risk
  • Venous thromboembolism
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Coronary artery disease, and/or stroke
  • Recurrent miscarriages
  • Venous thrombosis in women taking oral contraceptives or hormone replacement
  • Other thrombotic problems

Interpretation

Positive in:

  • Patients with family history of hypercoagulability secondary to Factor V Leiden mutation
  • Patients with history of recurrent miscarriages
  • Venous thrombosis
  • Stroke
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Deep venous thrombosis
  • Heart attack and stroke

Individuals who are heterozygous for the Factor V Leiden mutation have a 5- to 10-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis, while homozygous individuals have a 50 to 100-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis.

Reference Ranges

No Mutation Detected (Negative for mutation analyzed)


 

 

Methodology

PCR Allele specific primer extension, PCR with FRIET detection, Invader ™ Technology, chip array technology, Pyrosequencing.

Specimen Collection

Whole Blood EDTA (Lavender)

Stability:

  • Ambient: 8 days
  • Refrigerated: 8 days

Additional Testing

Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Factor II (prothrombin) mutation, Methyltetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T and A1298C Mutation, Protein S, Protein C, Protein C Activity, and Anticardiolipin Antibody, Antiphospholipid antibody, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) Mutation, Factor XIII, Mixing Studies, Platelet Antibody.

CPT
81241$73.37

ICD10
ICD CODE AND DESCRIPTIONLCD CODENCD CODE
D68 - Other coagulation defects
D68.5 - Primary thrombophilia
D68.59 - Other primary thrombophilia
D68.6 - Other thrombophilia
D68.61 - Antiphospholipid syndrome
D68.62 - Lupus anticoagulant syndrome
D68.69 - Other thrombophilia
D68.9 - Coagulation defect, unspecified
E72.11 - Homocystinuria
E72.12 - Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency
G08 - Intracranial and intraspinal phlebitis and thrombophlebitis
G45 - Transient cerebral ischemic attacks and related syndromes
G45.3 - Amaurosis fugax
G45.9 - Transient cerebral ischemic attack, unspecified
G46 - Vascular syndromes of brain in cerebrovascular diseases
G46.4 - Cerebellar stroke syndrome
I20 - Angina pectoris
I20.0 - Unstable angina59609, 56199
I20.1 - Angina pectoris with documented spasm59609, 56199
I20.8 - Other forms of angina pectoris
I20.9 - Angina pectoris, unspecified59609, 56199
I24 - Other acute ischemic heart diseases
I24.8 - Other forms of acute ischemic heart disease
I25 - Chronic ischemic heart disease
I25.1 - Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery
I25.10 - Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery without angina pectoris
I25.11 - Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery with angina pectoris
I25.8 - Other forms of chronic ischemic heart disease
I25.9 - Chronic ischemic heart disease, unspecified
I26 - Pulmonary embolism
I26.0 - Pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale
I26.01 - Septic pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale
I27 - Other pulmonary heart diseases
I27.8 - Other specified pulmonary heart diseases
I27.82 - Chronic pulmonary embolism
I48 - Atrial fibrillation and flutter
I48.0 - Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
I61 - Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage
I61.9 - Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, unspecified
I62 - Other and unspecified nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage
I62.0 - Nontraumatic subdural hemorrhage
I63 - Cerebral infarction
I63.0 - Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of precerebral arteries
I63.00 - Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified precerebral artery
I63.8 - Other cerebral infarction
I63.9 - Cerebral infarction, unspecified
I67 - Other cerebrovascular diseases
I67.1 - Cerebral aneurysm, nonruptured
I67.82 - Cerebral ischemia
I80 - Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis

Additional ICD10
ICD CODE AND DESCRIPTIONLCD CODENCD CODE
D68.0 - Von Willebrand's disease
D68.1 - Hereditary factor XI deficiency
D68.2 - Hereditary deficiency of other clotting factors
D68.3 - Hemorrhagic disorder due to circulating anticoagulants
D68.31 - Hemorrhagic disorder due to intrinsic circulating anticoagulants, antibodies, or inhibitors
D68.311 - Acquired hemophilia
D68.312 - Antiphospholipid antibody with hemorrhagic disorder
D68.318 - Other hemorrhagic disorder due to intrinsic circulating anticoagulants, antibodies, or inhibitors
D68.32 - Hemorrhagic disorder due to extrinsic circulating anticoagulants
D68.4 - Acquired coagulation factor deficiency
D68.5 - Primary thrombophilia
D68.51 - Activated protein C resistance
D68.52 - Prothrombin gene mutation
D68.59 - Other primary thrombophilia
D68.6 - Other thrombophilia
D68.61 - Antiphospholipid syndrome
D68.62 - Lupus anticoagulant syndrome
D68.69 - Other thrombophilia
D68.8 - Other specified coagulation defects
D68.9 - Coagulation defect, unspecified
G45.0 - Vertebro-basilar artery syndrome
G45.1 - Carotid artery syndrome (hemispheric)
G45.2 - Multiple and bilateral precerebral artery syndromes
G45.3 - Amaurosis fugax
G45.4 - Transient global amnesia
G45.8 - Other transient cerebral ischemic attacks and related syndromes
G45.9 - Transient cerebral ischemic attack, unspecified
G46.0 - Middle cerebral artery syndrome
G46.1 - Anterior cerebral artery syndrome
G46.2 - Posterior cerebral artery syndrome
G46.3 - Brain stem stroke syndrome
G46.4 - Cerebellar stroke syndrome
G46.5 - Pure motor lacunar syndrome
G46.6 - Pure sensory lacunar syndrome
G46.7 - Other lacunar syndromes
G46.8 - Other vascular syndromes of brain in cerebrovascular diseases
I20.0 - Unstable angina59609, 56199
I20.1 - Angina pectoris with documented spasm59609, 56199
I20.8 - Other forms of angina pectoris
I20.9 - Angina pectoris, unspecified59609, 56199
I24.0 - Acute coronary thrombosis not resulting in myocardial infarction59609, 56199
I24.1 - Dressler's syndrome59609, 56199
I24.8 - Other forms of acute ischemic heart disease
I24.9 - Acute ischemic heart disease, unspecified59609, 56199
I25.1 - Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery
I25.10 - Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery without angina pectoris
I25.11 - Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery with angina pectoris
I25.110 - Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery with unstable angina pectoris59609, 56199
I25.111 - Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery with angina pectoris with documented spasm
I25.118 - Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery with other forms of angina pectoris59609, 56199

References